founded a visible Church, and the members of his Church were unified together as his mystical Body, of which he is the head.2 A body is both visible and alive; if you found a severed hand, a foot, an arm, and a toe on the ground, you would not say, “Here is a body,” but rather, “Here are parts that were severed from a body.” Similarly, the Church is a visible unity that can be seen acting in history, with Christ’s authority, to exclude from the Mystical Body those members who persisted in teaching